{"id":27289,"date":"2026-04-27T09:00:49","date_gmt":"2026-04-27T12:00:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fundacaofhc.org.br\/?post_type=minidoc&p=27289"},"modified":"2026-05-12T09:18:11","modified_gmt":"2026-05-12T12:18:11","slug":"latin-america-between-china-and-the-united-states","status":"publish","type":"minidoc","link":"https:\/\/fundacaofhc.org.br\/en\/minidoc\/latin-america-between-china-and-the-united-states\/","title":{"rendered":"Latin America Between China and the United States"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

The ninth season of the series Vale a Pena Perguntar examines the challenges faced by Latin American countries\u2014which are largely unintegrated with one another\u2014in dealing with the rivalry between China and the United States in the region.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The two major powers have economic and geopolitical interests in Latin America, a region that the United States tends to view as its \u201cbackyard\u201d and in which the Chinese are increasingly present, as investors and importers of agricultural and mineral commodities. How will Latin America, in general, and Brazil, in particular, act in this new international context?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

To reflect on this and other issues, the Funda\u00e7\u00e3o FHC spoke with six experts. The interviews, conducted by the Center for Studies and Debates\u2014coordinated by Beatriz Kipnis and comprising Isabel Penz and Alice Noujaim\u2014were organized into four thematic mini-documentaries and two short clips.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vale a Pena Perguntar \u2013 the future depends on good questions.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n
\n
\n \"Capa\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
\n Epis\u00f3dio<\/span>\n

Regional Integration in Latin America and Brazil<\/h3>\n

Why has regional integration in Latin America made little progress, even in the face of common problems? This episode discusses the challenges of cooperation among countries in the region, now marked by the conflicting influence of the U.S. and China.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/a>\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n
\n
\n \"Capa\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
\n Epis\u00f3dio<\/span>\n

The U.S. and Latin America: From the Monroe Doctrine to \u2018Donroe\u2019<\/h3>\n

How has U.S. influence in Latin America changed over time? This episode explains the historical trajectory of this relationship, from the Monroe Doctrine to the Cold War, from the \u201cpink tide\u201d to the \u2018Donroe\u2019 Doctrine.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/a>\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n
\n
\n \"Capa\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
\n Epis\u00f3dio<\/span>\n

China and Latin America: A New Dependency?<\/h3>\n

How did China become one of the main economic players in Latin America? This episode analyzes China\u2019s expansion in the region from the early 2000s to the present, from the commodities boom to investments in infrastructure, technology, and services.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/a>\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n
\n
\n \"Capa\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
\n Epis\u00f3dio<\/span>\n

China or the US: Does Latin America Have to Choose?<\/h3>\n

Faced with the rivalry between China and the US, how can Latin America and Brazil position themselves? The episode explores the risks of automatic alignments, the importance of Latin American natural resources to the global economy, and the pressures exerted on the region.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/a>\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n
\n
\n \"Capa\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
\n P\u00edlula<\/span>\n

Spheres of Influence Then and Now, with Filipe Figueiredo<\/h3>\n

Explores the evolution of the concept of spheres of influence in geopolitics, from the Congress of Vienna in the 19th century to the conflicts of the 21st century.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/a>\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n

\n
\n
\n \"Capa\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n
\n P\u00edlula<\/span>\n

Brazil and Argentina: The Barometer of Mercosur, with Feliciano de S\u00e1 Guimar\u00e3es<\/h3>\n

Analyzes the trajectory of Mercosur, with its crises and advances, and the central role of the relationship between Brazil and Argentina in sustaining the bloc.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/a>\n\n\n

\n
\n

Experts interviewed:<\/h2>\n <\/div>\n
\n \"\"\n
\n

Feliciano de S\u00e1 Guimar\u00e3es<\/strong>
\nProfessor at the Instituto de Rela\u00e7\u00f5es Internacionais da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo (USP). Ph.D. in Political Science from USP.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"\"\n
\n

Filipe Figueiredo<\/strong>
\nHistorian from the Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo (USP), international politics columnist for the newspaper O Estado de S.Paulo, and creator of the Xadrez Verbal podcast.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"\"\n
\n

Marcos Caramuru<\/strong>
\nA career diplomat, he served as Brazil\u2019s ambassador to China (2016\u20132018) and Malaysia, and as Consul General in Shanghai. He served as Secretary of International Affairs at the Ministry of Finance, was Executive Director at the World Bank, and President of COAF. He holds a degree from the Instituto Rio Branco (IRBr) and a degree in Business Administration from the Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ).<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"\"\n
\n

Maria Elena Rodriguez<\/strong>
\nProfessor at the Instituto de Rela\u00e7\u00f5es Internacionais da PUC-Rio and Deputy Director of the BRICS Policy Center. She holds a Ph.D. in Sociology from IESP-UERJ and a Master\u2019s degree in International and Development Studies from the Graduate Institute (Switzerland).<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"\"\n
\n

Mars\u00edlea Gombata<\/strong>
\nProfessor of International Relations at the Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Armando \u00c1lvares Penteado (FAAP). Researcher at the Center for Research in International Relations at USP (NUPRI) and the Centro Brasileiro de An\u00e1lise e Planejamento (Cebrap). She holds a Ph.D. in Political Science from the Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo (USP).<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n

\n \"\"\n
\n

Regiane Bressan<\/strong>
\nAssociate Professor at the Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo (Unifesp) and the San Tiago Dantas Graduate Program in International Relations (Unesp, Unicamp, PUC-SP). Current president of the F\u00f3rum Universit\u00e1rio do Mercosul (FOMERCO) and researcher at the Observat\u00f3rio de Regionalismo (ODR). She holds a Ph.D. and a Master\u2019s degree in Latin American Integration from the Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo (PROLAM-USP).<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The ninth season of the series Vale a Pena Perguntar examines the challenges faced by Latin American countries\u2014which are largely unintegrated with one another\u2014in dealing with the rivalry between China and the United States in the region. The two major powers have economic and geopolitical interests in Latin America, a region that the United States…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":26973,"template":"","tags":[505,518,610,747],"plataforma-democratica":[],"serie-minidoc":[480],"tema":[468,471],"class_list":["post-27289","minidoc","type-minidoc","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","tag-united-states-en","tag-latin-america-2","tag-geopolitics-2","tag-china-3","serie-minidoc-vale-a-pena-perguntar-en","tema-crisis-and-renewal-of-democracy","tema-new-global-geopolitics"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLatin America Between China and the United States | Funda\u00e7\u00e3o FHC<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fundacaofhc.org.br\/en\/minidoc\/latin-america-between-china-and-the-united-states\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Latin America Between China and the United States | Funda\u00e7\u00e3o FHC\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The ninth season of the series Vale a Pena Perguntar examines the challenges faced by Latin American countries\u2014which are largely unintegrated with one another\u2014in dealing with the rivalry between China and the United States in the region. 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