{"id":27409,"date":"2026-05-07T15:16:46","date_gmt":"2026-05-07T18:16:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fundacaofhc.org.br\/?post_type=debate&#038;p=27409"},"modified":"2026-05-20T11:03:26","modified_gmt":"2026-05-20T14:03:26","slug":"series-brazil-through-the-eyes-of-public-leaders-fernando-haddad-on-fragmentation-reform-and-brazils-future","status":"publish","type":"debate","link":"https:\/\/fundacaofhc.org.br\/en\/debate\/series-brazil-through-the-eyes-of-public-leaders-fernando-haddad-on-fragmentation-reform-and-brazils-future\/","title":{"rendered":"Series \u201cBrazil Through the Eyes of Public Leaders\u201d: Fernando Haddad on Fragmentation, Reform and Brazil\u2019s Future"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Former Finance Minister Fernando Haddad warned that Brazil\u2019s fragmented political system is making it harder for the country to pursue long-term strategies in areas such as climate policy, technological innovation and industrial development.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Speaking at the Funda\u00e7\u00e3o FHC on April 7, Haddad argued that weak coordination between ministries, Congress and different levels of government has slowed efforts tied to the green transition, productivity gains and reindustrialization.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cWe have a great deal of fragmentation in the country. This leads to a lot of waste,\u201d Haddad said. \u201cA development strategy for Brazil requires coordination not only within the federal government, but also with states, municipalities and Congress.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Haddad, who served as finance minister from 2023 to 2026 and previously as education minister and mayor of S\u00e3o Paulo, said the problem also exists within the federal administration itself. He cited the difficulties faced during the implementation of the Ecological Transformation Plan developed by the Finance Ministry during his tenure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/fundacaofhc.org.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/img-6133-copia-2048x1366-1-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-27410\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fundacaofhc.org.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/img-6133-copia-2048x1366-1-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/fundacaofhc.org.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/img-6133-copia-2048x1366-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/fundacaofhc.org.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/img-6133-copia-2048x1366-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/fundacaofhc.org.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/img-6133-copia-2048x1366-1-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/fundacaofhc.org.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/img-6133-copia-2048x1366-1.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Fernando Haddad during a lecture at the auditorium of Funda\u00e7\u00e3o FHC \u2013 Photo: Vinicius Doti<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cBrazil has a natural advantage when it comes to making the green transition a driver of sustainable development,\u201d he said. \u201cBut that requires coordination.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">He questioned whether ministries were working together effectively on issues such as reducing fossil fuel dependence, investing in new biofuels and developing Brazil\u2019s rare earth industry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cOne minister thinks a certain issue belongs to him, another thinks a different issue belongs to him, when in reality they are all interconnected,\u201d Haddad said. \u201cA great deal of energy ends up being spent coordinating interests around goals that should belong to everyone.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">According to Haddad, the lack of coordination extends beyond Bras\u00edlia. He questioned whether the federal government has sufficiently strong channels of dialogue with states and municipalities to build a shared vision for the country\u2019s future.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Building Strategic Consensus<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Haddad also criticized Congress for allowing a provisional measure aimed at encouraging investment in data centers to expire without a vote.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cAn enormous volume of investment could have entered the country,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">He argued that Brazil needs broader political alignment around strategic national projects, including participation from the opposition.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cHow do you persuade the opposition to set aside political disputes and collaborate on projects of national interest?\u201d he asked. \u201cOne way is to present proposals with strong public support, as happened with the Tax Reform.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The former minister cited the tax overhaul approved in 2023 as an example of the kind of political coordination he believes Brazil needs in order to sustain long-term growth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Without directly addressing the Supreme Court\u2019s current credibility crisis, Haddad also defended reforms aimed at making Brazilian institutions more transparent and improving relations between the branches of government.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cThe institutions are functioning,\u201d he said. \u201cThe investigations underway need to continue so the country can move forward. But we also need to improve institutional relations.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<div class=\"embed-responsive embed-responsive-16by9\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"embed-responsive-item\"  title=\"O Brasil na vis\u00e3o das lideran\u00e7as p\u00fablicas, com Fernando Haddad\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Q-qqAat2TZQ?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u201cIf It Isn\u2019t Driven by Populism, Brazil Has a Future\u201d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Reflecting on his years at the Finance Ministry, Haddad said he had tried to balance fiscal discipline with social priorities. Despite Brazil\u2019s political tensions, he argued that the country remains well positioned for a new cycle of growth if future governments act responsibly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cWe carried out a tax reform that was the most significant economic reform since the Real Plan,\u201d he said, referring to the stabilization program launched in 1994. \u201cIf future governments behave responsibly, Brazil could enter the next decade in a stable position.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Haddad said investors were closely watching whether Brazil could sustain a stable and responsible economic course, without abrupt policy shifts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cIf they believe this path is sustainable, many investments will come sooner than expected, and Brazil will grow more vigorously,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">He concluded on an optimistic note.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cSetting aside the current noise \u2014 which is loud and sometimes discouraging \u2014 Brazil is in a good position to make a major leap forward,\u201d he said. \u201cPolitics will determine whether we seize this opportunity or waste it. If the country avoids populism and radicalism, Brazil has a future.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/fundacaofhc.org.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/img-6079-copia-2048x1366-1-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-27413\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fundacaofhc.org.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/img-6079-copia-2048x1366-1-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/fundacaofhc.org.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/img-6079-copia-2048x1366-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/fundacaofhc.org.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/img-6079-copia-2048x1366-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/fundacaofhc.org.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/img-6079-copia-2048x1366-1-1536x1025.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/fundacaofhc.org.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/img-6079-copia-2048x1366-1.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Fernando Haddad during a lecture at the auditorium of Funda\u00e7\u00e3o FHC \u2013 Photo: Vinicius Doti<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Left and the Crisis of Political Imagination<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">During the discussion, Sergio Fausto, executive director of the Funda\u00e7\u00e3o FHC, relayed a question from political scientist Marta Arretche about the difficulties progressive movements face in articulating a compelling vision for the future.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Haddad responded that the left today struggles to formulate a project capable of mobilizing society.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cThe left seeks to transform reality, and that is more difficult than adopting a conservative or reactionary position,\u201d he said. \u201cIt is easy to idealize a past that never really existed.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">According to Haddad, many of the political and economic models that shaped progressive movements during the 20th century lost their mobilizing power after the end of the Cold War.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cWhat once inspired hope \u2014 communism, social democracy, developmentalism \u2014 lost much of its force as a utopian horizon,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Haddad added that part of the left eventually absorbed the idea that there were no longer meaningful alternatives to the liberal democratic model that emerged after the collapse of the Soviet Union.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<div class=\"embed-responsive embed-responsive-16by9\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"embed-responsive-item\"  title=\"Ascens\u00e3o da extrema-direita e medo do futuro | Fernando Haddad\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/1IugKfC7ArU?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cWe fell, to some extent, into the \u2018end of history\u2019 narrative,\u201d he said, referring to the thesis advanced by political scientist Francis Fukuyama.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">At the same time, he argued, the rise of the far right has pushed progressive forces into a more defensive posture.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cWhen the future itself begins to feel threatening, the instinct is often to protect what already exists rather than imagine something new,\u201d Haddad said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Fear, he argued, has become one of the main obstacles to political ambition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cIf we are unable to confront the fear surrounding the future, we will not move forward,\u201d he said. \u201cWe cannot be afraid to compete with the far right over the future.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Haddad also linked the rise of the far right to the deterioration of democratic debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cFor roughly 30 years, Brazil had competing political forces that nevertheless recognized each other as legitimate,\u201d he said. \u201cThat created room for ambitious projects because there was confidence that the country would continue to be governed responsibly, regardless of electoral outcomes.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cThe far right is a major obstacle,\u201d he added. \u201cThis atmosphere of permanent threat makes it harder to think big.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The S\u00e3o Paulo Race<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Asked about a possible run for governor of S\u00e3o Paulo in 2026, Haddad said he initially resisted the idea because his focus remained on national politics. According to him, President Luiz In\u00e1cio Lula da Silva insisted on the need for a strong candidacy in the state.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cMy attention was focused on national issues,\u201d Haddad said. \u201cBut the president insisted that we needed a competitive candidate in S\u00e3o Paulo.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">He said that after examining the current state administration more closely, he found a more troubling situation than he had expected.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cThere are many problems that I believed had already been resolved or at least addressed,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">According to Haddad, he spent weeks meeting with specialists and former officials from previous S\u00e3o Paulo administrations in areas such as education, public safety, health care and infrastructure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cIf I criticize Governor Tarc\u00edsio de Freitas, I need to know exactly what I\u2019m talking about,\u201d he said. \u201cThat\u2019s my style.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">He also said there was growing dissatisfaction among police officers, teachers and mayors across the state, particularly regarding public security policies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Haddad said he intends to focus his campaign on technical proposals and substantive debate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cThe voter is sovereign,\u201d he said. \u201cBut as long as I\u2019m breathing, I\u2019ll continue fighting for the causes I believe in.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Means and Ends of Politics<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Closing the event, Celso Lafer, president of the Funda\u00e7\u00e3o FHC, praised the conceptual depth of Haddad\u2019s remarks, particularly his reflections on the relationship between political objectives and the instruments of government.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cGoverning means making choices, and those choices are never simple,\u201d Lafer said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">He also highlighted what he described as Haddad\u2019s enduring concern with social justice and long-term public policy goals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cYou presented a way of connecting means and ends,\u201d he concluded.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Ot\u00e1vio Dias is a content editor at the Funda\u00e7\u00e3o FHC. A journalist specializing in politics and international affairs, he was a London correspondent for Folha de S.Paulo and editor of the website Estad\u00e3o.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In this debate, Fernando Haddad discussed the country\u2019s main economic and political challenges. He also shared experiences from his trajectory in the federal government over the past few years.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":27385,"template":"","tags":[519,532],"plataforma-democratica":[],"tema":[468],"tipo-debate":[],"class_list":["post-27409","debate","type-debate","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","tag-democracy-2","tag-politics-en","tema-crisis-and-renewal-of-democracy"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Series \u201cBrazil Through the Eyes of Public Leaders\u201d: Fernando Haddad on Fragmentation, Reform and Brazil\u2019s Future | Funda\u00e7\u00e3o FHC<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fundacaofhc.org.br\/en\/debate\/series-brazil-through-the-eyes-of-public-leaders-fernando-haddad-on-fragmentation-reform-and-brazils-future\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Series \u201cBrazil Through the Eyes of Public Leaders\u201d: Fernando Haddad on Fragmentation, Reform and Brazil\u2019s Future | Funda\u00e7\u00e3o FHC\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In this debate, Fernando Haddad discussed the country\u2019s main economic and political challenges. 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